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Self-Oxygenation of Tissues Orchestrates Full-Thickness Vascularization of Living Implants Publisher



Farzin A1, 2 ; Hassan S1 ; Moreira Teixeira LS3 ; Gurian M3 ; Crispim JF3 ; Manhas V4 ; Carlier A5 ; Bae H6 ; Geris L4 ; Noshadi I7 ; Shin SR1 ; Leijten J1, 3
Authors

Source: Advanced Functional Materials Published:2021


Abstract

Bioengineering of tissues and organs has the potential to generate functional replacement organs. However, achieving the full-thickness vascularization that is required for long-term survival of living implants has remained a grand challenge, especially for clinically sized implants. During the pre-vascular phase, implanted engineered tissues are forced to metabolically rely on the diffusion of nutrients from adjacent host-tissue, which for larger living implants results in anoxia, cell death, and ultimately implant failure. Here it is reported that this challenge can be addressed by engineering self-oxygenating tissues, which is achieved via the incorporation of hydrophobic oxygen-generating micromaterials into engineered tissues. Self-oxygenation of tissues transforms anoxic stresses into hypoxic stimulation in a homogenous and tissue size-independent manner. The in situ elevation of oxygen tension enables the sustained production of high quantities of angiogenic factors by implanted cells, which are offered a metabolically protected pro-angiogenic microenvironment. Numerical simulations predict that self-oxygenation of living tissues will effectively orchestrate rapid full-thickness vascularization of implanted tissues, which is empirically confirmed via in vivo experimentation. Self-oxygenation of tissues thus represents a novel, effective, and widely applicable strategy to enable the vascularization living implants, which is expected to advance organ transplantation and regenerative medicine applications. © 2021 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
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