Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle Reinforced Pumpkin-Derived Nanostructured Cellulose Scaffold for Enhanced Bone Regeneration Publisher Pubmed



Hosseini SF^{1, 2, 3} ; Galefi A^{1, 2} ; Hosseini S² ; Shaabani A⁴ ; Farrokhi N¹ ; Jahanfar M¹ ; Nourany M^{2, 5} ; Homaeigohar S⁶ ; Alipour A^{2, 7} ; Shahsavarani H^{1, 2, 8}
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2024

Abstract

Considering global surge in bone fracture prevalence, limitation in use of traditional healing approaches like bone grafts highlights the need for innovative regenerative strategies. Here, a novel green fabrication approach has reported for reinforcement of physicochemical performances of sustainable bioinspired extracellular matrix (ECM) based on decellularized pumpkin tissue coated with Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (hereafter called DM-Pumpkin) for enhanced bone regeneration. Compared to uncoated scaffold, DM-Pumpkin exhibited significantly improved surface roughness, mechanical stiffness, porosity, hydrophilicity, swelling, and biodegradation rate. Obtained nanoporous structure provides an ideal three-dimensional microenvironment for the attachment, migration and osteo-induction in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h- AdMSCs). Calcium deposition and mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and SEM imaging of the cells as well as increased expression of bone-related genes after 21 days incubation confirmed capability of DM-Pumpkin in mimicking the biological properties of bone tissue. The presence of MgONPs had a silencing effect on inflammatory factors and improved wound closure, verified by in vivo studies. Increased expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin in the h- AdMSCs cultured on DM-Pumpkin compared to control further corroborated gained results. Altogether, boosting physicochemical and biological properties of DM-Pumpkin due to surface modification is a promising approach for guided bone regeneration. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.