Inducing Type 2 Immune Response, Induction of Angiogenesis, and Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties Make Lacto-N-Neotetraose (Lnnt) a Therapeutic Choice to Accelerate the Wound Healing Process Publisher Pubmed



Farhdihosseinabadi B¹ ; Salimi M³ ; Kazemi B^{1, 4} ; Samadikuchaksaraei A^{5, 6} ; Ghanbarian H^{1, 4} ; Mozafari M⁷ ; Niknejad H²
Source: Medical Hypotheses Published:2020

Abstract

The healing process of non-healing and full-thickness wounds is currently facing some serious challenges. In such ulcers, losing a large part of skin causes a chronic infection due to the entrance of various pathogens in the wound bed. Moreover, poor vascularization, uncontrolled inflammation, and delayed re-epithelialization increase the healing time in patients suffering from such wounds. In this light, tissue engineering provides a wide range of strategies using a variety of biomaterials, biofactors and stem cells to decrease the healing time and restore the function of the damaged site. A suitable wound healing agent should possess some critical parameters such as inducing re-epithelialization, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, and angiogenic capability. The Lacto-n-Neotetraose (LNnT) with chemical formula C26H45NO21 is an oligosaccharide present in human milk and soluble antigens extracted from Schistosoma mansoni eggs. It is reported that LNnT induces type 2 immune response (Th2 immunity). Th2 immunity promotes re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and wound contraction by recruiting the cells which produce Th2-related cytokines. Moreover, LNnT shows some special characteristics such as angiogenic capability, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial effects which can address the mentioned challenges in the treatment of non-healing and full-thickness wounds. Here, we hypothesize that utilizing LNnT is an appropriate biofactor which would improve the healing process in full-thickness and non-healing wounds. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd