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Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Alzheimer’S Disease: Bypassing the Blood-Brain Barrier With Cutting-Edge Nanotechnology Publisher Pubmed



Dong N1 ; Alikhiavi P2 ; Ghavamikia N3 ; Pakmehr S4 ; Sotoudegan F5 ; Hjazi A6 ; Gargari MK2 ; Gargari HK7 ; Behnamrad P8 ; Rajabi M4 ; Elhami A9 ; Saffarfar H3 ; Nourizadeh M10
Authors

Source: Neurological Sciences Published:2025


Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Nanomedicine, leveraging nanomaterials, has emerged as a promising avenue for AD treatment, with a key emphasis on overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to enhance drug delivery efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the application of nanomaterials for AD therapy, highlighting their unique properties and functions. The blood-brain barrier, a complex physiological barrier, poses a significant hurdle for traditional drug delivery to the brain. Nanomedicine addresses this challenge by utilizing various nanomaterials such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles. These nanocarriers enable improved drug bioavailability, sustained release, and targeted delivery to specific brain regions affected by AD pathology. The review discusses the diverse range of nanomaterials employed in AD treatment, exploring their capacity to encapsulate therapeutic agents, modulate drug release kinetics, and enhance drug stability. Additionally, the multifunctionality of nanomaterials allows for simultaneous imaging and therapy, facilitating early diagnosis and intervention. Key aspects covered include the interaction of nanomaterials with Aβ aggregates, the role of antioxidants in mitigating oxidative stress, and the potential of nanomedicine in alleviating neuroinflammation associated with AD. Furthermore, the safety, biocompatibility, and toxicity profiles of various nanomaterials are scrutinized to ensure their clinical applicability. In conclusion, this review underscores the pivotal role of nanomedicine and nanomaterials in revolutionizing AD treatment strategies. By specifically addressing BBB challenges, these innovative approaches offer new avenues for targeted drug delivery and improved therapeutic outcomes in the complex landscape of Alzheimer’s disease. © Fondazione Societa Italiana di Neurologia 2024.
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