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Covid-19 Vaccines and Thrombosis—Roadblock or Dead-End Street? Publisher Pubmed



Lundstrom K1 ; Barh D2, 3 ; Uhal BD4 ; Takayama K5 ; Aljabali AAA6 ; Abd Elaziz TM7, 8 ; Lal A9 ; Redwan EM10 ; Adadi P11 ; Chauhan G12 ; Sherchan SP13 ; Azad GK14 ; Rezaei N15, 16 ; Serranoaroca A17 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Lundstrom K1
  2. Barh D2, 3
  3. Uhal BD4
  4. Takayama K5
  5. Aljabali AAA6
  6. Abd Elaziz TM7, 8
  7. Lal A9
  8. Redwan EM10
  9. Adadi P11
  10. Chauhan G12
  11. Sherchan SP13
  12. Azad GK14
  13. Rezaei N15, 16
  14. Serranoaroca A17
  15. Bazan NG18
  16. Hassan SS19
  17. Panda PK20
  18. Choudhury PP21
  19. Pizzol D22
  20. Kandimalla R23, 24
  21. Baetasdacruz W25
  22. Mishra YK26
  23. Palu G27
  24. Brufsky AM28
  25. Tambuwala MM29
  26. Uversky VN30

Source: Biomolecules Published:2021


Abstract

Two adenovirus-based vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S, and two mRNA-based vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA.1273, have been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and are invaluable in preventing and reducing the incidence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Recent reports have pointed to thrombosis with associated thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect occurring at a low frequency in some individuals after vaccination. The causes of such events may be related to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interactions with different C-type lectin receptors, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and the CD147 receptor, or to different soluble splice variants of the spike protein, adenovirus vector interactions with the CD46 receptor or platelet factor 4 antibodies. Similar findings have been reported for several viral diseases after vaccine administration. In addition, immunological mechanisms elicited by viral vectors related to cellular delivery could play a relevant role in individuals with certain genetic backgrounds. Although rare, the potential COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) requires immediate validation, especially in risk groups, such as the elderly, chronic smokers, and individuals with pre-existing incidences of thrombocytopenia; and if necessary, a reformulation of existing vaccines. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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