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Meta-Analysis: Risk of Lymphoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Population-Based Cohort Studies Publisher Pubmed



Zamani M1 ; Alizadehtabari S1 ; Murad MH2 ; Singh S3 ; Ananthakrishnan AN4 ; Malekzadeh R5 ; Talley NJ6
Authors

Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Published:2024


Abstract

Background: There are inconsistencies in the results of the studies investigating the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and lymphoma. Aims: The aim of this study is to systematically appraise the risk of lymphoma development in patients with IBD. Methods: We searched Embase, PubMed and Scopus from inception to 30 April 2024 to identify population-based cohort studies that evaluated the risk of lymphoma in patients with IBD in comparison with those without IBD. We carried out random-effects meta-analyses and estimated pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We identified 23 eligible studies reporting 2078 lymphoma events in 656,731 patients with IBD. Patients with IBD had 30% higher odds of lymphoma (RR = 1.30 [95% CI: 1.21–1.40]). The risk of developing both Hodgkin's lymphoma (nine studies, RR = 1.29 [95% CI: 1.06–1.53]) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (16 studies, RR = 1.31 [95% CI: 1.20–1.42]) was increased in patients with IBD (p for interaction = 0.881). The increased risk of lymphoma was observed in both Crohn's disease (17 studies, RR = 1.54 [95% CI: 1.27–1.80]) and ulcerative colitis (20 studies, RR = 1.22 [95% CI: 1.09–1.35]) (p for interaction = 0.026). Meta-regression demonstrated that mean age of patients, study year, mean study follow-up duration, and percentages of immunomodulators and biologics use did not influence study outcome. Conclusions: The risk of lymphoma is only modestly increased in patients with IBD, with Crohn's disease having a slightly higher risk than ulcerative colitis. In IBD, there appears to be no difference between the risks of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. © 2024 The Author(s). Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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