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Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by Deep Eutectic Solvent Based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Gc-Ms Detection of the Estrogenic Compounds in Wastewater Samples Publisher



Davoodi R1 ; Nodehi RN1, 2 ; Rastkari N2 ; Zinatizadeh AA3 ; Mahvi AH1, 4 ; Fattahi N5
Authors

Source: New Journal of Chemistry Published:2020


Abstract

Solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DES-DLLME) has been developed as a highly sensitive technique for the ultra preconcentration of estrogenic compounds in wastewater samples prior to their analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This coupling not only allows for the extraction of compounds from complex matrices such as sewage and wastewater, but also provides very high enrichment factors. In this technique, a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared by blending citric acid monohydrate and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride at a molar ratio of 1 : 1. Variables affecting the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction efficiency are between 33 000-41 000 and 55-68%, respectively. The SPE-DES-DLLME provided a high enrichment factor for estrogenic compounds. The limits of detection (LODs) are in the range of 0.01-0.05 ng L−1and the calibration graphs are linear in the range of 0.03-50 ng L−1. The values of relative standard deviation (RSD) for intra-day and inter-day based on seven replicate measurements of 0.50 ng L−1of estrogenic compounds and 0.30 ng L−1for the internal standard in wastewater were in the range of 1.5-2.5% and 2.6-3.8%, respectively. The relative recoveries of wastewaters which have been spiked with different concentrations of target compounds are 90-108%. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2020.
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