Impact of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment: A Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Noori M^{1, 2} ; Fayyaz F^{3, 4, 5} ; Rezaei N^{5, 6, 7}
Source: Immunotherapy Published:2023

Abstract

Aim: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to assess the impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Materials & methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE databases were systematically searched up to 1 February 2023. Results: Three studies comprising 263 patients treated with ICIs were included. The results of pooled analysis showed that H. pylori infection was associated with reduced overall survival and progression-free survival. Furthermore, the rate of progressive disease after administration of ICIs was higher in H. pylori-positive patients relative to H. pylori-negative patients. Conclusion: H. pylori infection status is a novel potential response biomarker for predicting the efficacy of ICIs in different cancers. Plain language summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a novel treatment modality for cancer patients. The efficacy of this kind of treatment can be affected by several factors. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the impact of infection by Helicobacter pylori on the outcomes of patients undergoing ICI therapy. Those patients who were affected by H. pylori had an increased rate of mortality and disease progression after ICI therapy relative to those who were not affected at the time of treatment. As a result, the findings highlight that H. pylori infection reduces the effectiveness of immunotherapy with ICIs. Tweetable abstract In the present systematic review, the authors show that infection by Helicobacter pylori reduces the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with cancer. #immune_checkpoint_inhibitor #helicobacter_pylori #cancer. © 2023 Future Medicine Ltd.