Carbon Disulfide Publisher



Khalid M^{1, 2} ; Moradkhan FM³ ; Bayrami Z^{1, 2}
Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a contaminant that occurs naturally in the environment. It has been a well-known work hazard for decades. The workplace is the most common source of CS2 exposure. Direct CS2 exposure is a health risk for workers in the manufacturing of viscose rayon, rubber, sulfur fertilizers, pesticides, agriculture, and hazardous industrial chemicals. CS2 is easily absorbed via inhalation, oral, or cutaneous routes because of its affinity for lipid-rich tissues and organs, and is distributed throughout the body. Thiocarbamide, 2-mercaptothiazolinone, 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), and 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid are all formed when CS2 is metabolized. The TTCA metabolite is normally excreted through the urine. Its exposures produce a variety of health issues, including an increased risk of death due to CS2-induced organ toxicity. CS2 causes unfavorable pathophysiological effects that can last from a few days to a lifetime through a range of cellular and molecular mechanisms. Acute and short-term CS2 exposure resulted in cutaneous toxicity, toxic retinopathy, and vision loss. In addition, chronic toxicity includes ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, embryotoxicity, inhalational toxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity. The adverse health effects of CS2 exposure warrant a restriction on its industrial use. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.