Oncolytic Adenovirus: A Tool for Cancer Therapy in Combination With Other Therapeutic Approaches Publisher Pubmed



Goradel NH¹ ; Mohajel N² ; Malekshahi ZV¹ ; Jahangiri S³ ; Najafi M⁴ ; Farhood B⁵ ; Mortezaee K⁶ ; Negahdari B¹ ; Arashkia A²
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology Published:2019

Abstract

Cancer therapy using oncolytic viruses is an emerging area, in which viruses are engineered to selectively propagate in tumor tissues without affecting healthy cells. Because of the advantages that adenoviruses (Ads) have over other viruses, they are more considered. To achieve tumor selectivity, two main modifications on Ads genome have been applied: small deletions and insertion of tissue- or tumor-specific promoters. Despite oncolytic adenoviruses ability in tumor cell lysis and immune responses stimulation, to further increase their antitumor effects, genomic modifications have been carried out including insertion of checkpoint inhibitors and antigenic or immunostimulatory molecules into the adenovirus genome and combination with dendritic cells and chemotherapeutic agents. This study reviews oncolytic adenoviruses structures, their antitumor efficacy in combination with other therapeutic strategies, and finally challenges around this treatment approach. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.