Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study

Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study Publisher

Roos I ; Sharmin S ; Horakova D ; Kubala Havrdova E ; Libertinova J ; Vachova M ; Alroughani R ; Boz C ; Rous Z ; Buzzard K ; Skibina O ; Peterka M ; Hradilek P ; Mares M Show All Authors

Roos I
Sharmin S
Horakova D
Kubala Havrdova E
Libertinova J
Vachova M
Alroughani R
Boz C
Rous Z
Buzzard K
Skibina O
Peterka M
Hradilek P
Mares M
Coles A
Brown JWL
Eichau Madueno S
Foschi M
Prevost J
Terzi M
Prat A
Girard M
Mecalallana JE
John N
Blanco Y
Van Der Walt A
Butzkueven H
Recmanova E
Laureys G
Ampapa R
Macdonell R
Pavelek Z
Khoury SJ
Damico E
Gerlach O
Van Pesch V
Maimone D
Romeroferrando B
Mccombe PA
Mrabet S
Willekens B
Cardenasrobledo S
Ramotello C
Stourac P
Houskova J
Shaygannejad V
Hodgkinson S
Cartechini E
Kermode AG
Fabispedrini M
Carroll WM
Slee M
Sanchezmenoyo JL
Alasmi A
Mathey G
Giannesini C
Michel L
Ciron J
De Seze J
Ruet A
Kwiatkowski A
Zephir H
Papeix C
Lebrunfrenay C
Moreau T
Berger E
Clavelou P
Pelletier J
Casez O
Bourre B
Wahab A
Magy L
Camdessanche JP
Doghri I
Tchikviladze M
Sellebjerg F
Romme Christensen J
Jensen HB
Illes Z
Bramow S
Rasmussen PV
Stilund ML
Schafer J
Kant M
Weglewski A
Vukusic S
Magyari M
Laplaud DA
Kalincik T

Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry Published:2026

Abstract

Background: Ocrelizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20+ B cells, is a high-efficacy therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Patients with relapse-onset MS treated with ocrelizumab, fingolimod, natalizumab or alemtuzumab for ≥6 months were identified from three registries: MSBase, OFSEP and Danish MS Registry. Pairwise comparisons were performed in the overall cohort and 14 predefined clinicodemographic subgroups based on sex, disease activity, MS duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale, prior therapy and reason for prior treatment cessation. Relapses, progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) and relapse-associated worsening (RAW) were compared in pairwise-censored groups. Results: Fingolimod was associated with a higher annualised relapse rate (ARR) (0.14 vs 0.06, p<0.001), relapse risk (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.98 to 2.58), RAW (1.62, 1.08 to 2.43) and lower risk of disability improvement (0.78, 0.63 to 0.96) than ocrelizumab. Superiority of ocrelizumab over fingolimod on relapses was maintained in all subgroups. Natalizumab was associated with marginally higher ARR (0.10 vs 0.07, p<0.001), relapse risk (1.35, 1.16 to 1.57) and RAW (1.77, 1.07 to 2.94) than ocrelizumab. Alemtuzumab was associated with higher ARR (0.18 vs 0.12, p<0.001) and relapse risk (1.48, 1.25 to 1.76) than ocrelizumab, but there was no evidence for a difference in risk of RAW. There was no evidence for a difference on PIRA in any comparisons. Ocrelizumab was superior to natalizumab and alemtuzumab on relapses in patients who were not treatment-naive, experienced disease activity on the prior therapy or stopped prior therapy due to lack of efficacy. Conclusions: Ocrelizumab provides superior control of relapses and RAW, especially among patients with prior on-treatment disease activity. Treatment of PIRA remains an unmet need. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Roos I, et al.. "Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. , no. , 2026, pp. -.
APA	Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, Alroughani R, Boz C, Rous Z, Buzzard K, Skibina O, Peterka M, Hradilek P, Mares M, Coles A, Brown JWL, Eichau Madueno S, Foschi M, Prevost J, ... Kalincik T (2026). Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, (), -.
Chicago	Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, Alroughani R, et al.. "Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , no. (2026): -.
Harvard	Roos I et al. (2026) 'Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study', Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, (), pp. -.
Vancouver	Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, et al.. Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2026;():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Roos I and Sharmin S and Horakova D and Kubala Havrdova E and Libertinova J and Vachova M and Alroughani R and Boz C and Rous Z and Buzzard K and Skibina O and Peterka M and Hradilek P and Mares M and Coles A and Brown JWL and Eichau Madueno S and Foschi M and Prevost J and Terzi M and Prat A and Girard M and Mecalallana JE and John N and Blanco Y and Van Der Walt A and Butzkueven H and Recmanova E and Laureys G and Ampapa R and Macdonell R and Pavelek Z and Khoury SJ and Damico E and Gerlach O and Van Pesch V and Maimone D and Romeroferrando B and Mccombe PA and Mrabet S and Willekens B and Cardenasrobledo S and Ramotello C and Stourac P and Houskova J and Shaygannejad V and Hodgkinson S and Cartechini E and Kermode AG and Fabispedrini M and Carroll WM and Slee M and Sanchezmenoyo JL and Alasmi A and Mathey G and Giannesini C and Michel L and Ciron J and De Seze J and Ruet A and Kwiatkowski A and Zephir H and Papeix C and Lebrunfrenay C and Moreau T and Berger E and Clavelou P and Pelletier J and Casez O and Bourre B and Wahab A and Magy L and Camdessanche JP and Doghri I and Tchikviladze M and Sellebjerg F and Romme Christensen J and Jensen HB and Illes Z and Bramow S and Rasmussen PV and Stilund ML and Schafer J and Kant M and Weglewski A and Vukusic S and Magyari M and Laplaud DA and Kalincik T}, title = {Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study}, journal = {Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2026} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Roos I AU - Sharmin S AU - Horakova D AU - Kubala Havrdova E AU - Libertinova J AU - Vachova M AU - Alroughani R AU - Boz C AU - Rous Z AU - Buzzard K AU - Skibina O AU - Peterka M AU - Hradilek P AU - Mares M AU - Coles A AU - Brown JWL AU - Eichau Madueno S AU - Foschi M AU - Prevost J AU - Terzi M AU - Prat A AU - Girard M AU - Mecalallana JE AU - John N AU - Blanco Y AU - Van Der Walt A AU - Butzkueven H AU - Recmanova E AU - Laureys G AU - Ampapa R AU - Macdonell R AU - Pavelek Z AU - Khoury SJ AU - Damico E AU - Gerlach O AU - Van Pesch V AU - Maimone D AU - Romeroferrando B AU - Mccombe PA AU - Mrabet S AU - Willekens B AU - Cardenasrobledo S AU - Ramotello C AU - Stourac P AU - Houskova J AU - Shaygannejad V AU - Hodgkinson S AU - Cartechini E AU - Kermode AG AU - Fabispedrini M AU - Carroll WM AU - Slee M AU - Sanchezmenoyo JL AU - Alasmi A AU - Mathey G AU - Giannesini C AU - Michel L AU - Ciron J AU - De Seze J AU - Ruet A AU - Kwiatkowski A AU - Zephir H AU - Papeix C AU - Lebrunfrenay C AU - Moreau T AU - Berger E AU - Clavelou P AU - Pelletier J AU - Casez O AU - Bourre B AU - Wahab A AU - Magy L AU - Camdessanche JP AU - Doghri I AU - Tchikviladze M AU - Sellebjerg F AU - Romme Christensen J AU - Jensen HB AU - Illes Z AU - Bramow S AU - Rasmussen PV AU - Stilund ML AU - Schafer J AU - Kant M AU - Weglewski A AU - Vukusic S AU - Magyari M AU - Laplaud DA AU - Kalincik T TI - Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study JO - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry VL - IS - SP - EP - PY - 2026 ER -

Style

Citing Format

MLA

Roos I, et al.. "Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. , no. , 2026, pp. -.

APA

Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, Alroughani R, Boz C, Rous Z, Buzzard K, Skibina O, Peterka M, Hradilek P, Mares M, Coles A, Brown JWL, Eichau Madueno S, Foschi M, Prevost J, ... Kalincik T (2026). Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, (), -.

Chicago

Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, Alroughani R, et al.. "Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , no. (2026): -.

Harvard

Roos I et al. (2026) 'Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study', Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, (), pp. -.

Vancouver

Roos I, Sharmin S, Horakova D, Kubala Havrdova E, Libertinova J, Vachova M, et al.. Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2026;():-.

BibTex

@article{ author = {Roos I and Sharmin S and Horakova D and Kubala Havrdova E and Libertinova J and Vachova M and Alroughani R and Boz C and Rous Z and Buzzard K and Skibina O and Peterka M and Hradilek P and Mares M and Coles A and Brown JWL and Eichau Madueno S and Foschi M and Prevost J and Terzi M and Prat A and Girard M and Mecalallana JE and John N and Blanco Y and Van Der Walt A and Butzkueven H and Recmanova E and Laureys G and Ampapa R and Macdonell R and Pavelek Z and Khoury SJ and Damico E and Gerlach O and Van Pesch V and Maimone D and Romeroferrando B and Mccombe PA and Mrabet S and Willekens B and Cardenasrobledo S and Ramotello C and Stourac P and Houskova J and Shaygannejad V and Hodgkinson S and Cartechini E and Kermode AG and Fabispedrini M and Carroll WM and Slee M and Sanchezmenoyo JL and Alasmi A and Mathey G and Giannesini C and Michel L and Ciron J and De Seze J and Ruet A and Kwiatkowski A and Zephir H and Papeix C and Lebrunfrenay C and Moreau T and Berger E and Clavelou P and Pelletier J and Casez O and Bourre B and Wahab A and Magy L and Camdessanche JP and Doghri I and Tchikviladze M and Sellebjerg F and Romme Christensen J and Jensen HB and Illes Z and Bramow S and Rasmussen PV and Stilund ML and Schafer J and Kant M and Weglewski A and Vukusic S and Magyari M and Laplaud DA and Kalincik T}, title = {Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study}, journal = {Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2026} }

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Roos I
AU - Sharmin S
AU - Horakova D
AU - Kubala Havrdova E
AU - Libertinova J
AU - Vachova M
AU - Alroughani R
AU - Boz C
AU - Rous Z
AU - Buzzard K
AU - Skibina O
AU - Peterka M
AU - Hradilek P
AU - Mares M
AU - Coles A
AU - Brown JWL
AU - Eichau Madueno S
AU - Foschi M
AU - Prevost J
AU - Terzi M
AU - Prat A
AU - Girard M
AU - Mecalallana JE
AU - John N
AU - Blanco Y
AU - Van Der Walt A
AU - Butzkueven H
AU - Recmanova E
AU - Laureys G
AU - Ampapa R
AU - Macdonell R
AU - Pavelek Z
AU - Khoury SJ
AU - Damico E
AU - Gerlach O
AU - Van Pesch V
AU - Maimone D
AU - Romeroferrando B
AU - Mccombe PA
AU - Mrabet S
AU - Willekens B
AU - Cardenasrobledo S
AU - Ramotello C
AU - Stourac P
AU - Houskova J
AU - Shaygannejad V
AU - Hodgkinson S
AU - Cartechini E
AU - Kermode AG
AU - Fabispedrini M
AU - Carroll WM
AU - Slee M
AU - Sanchezmenoyo JL
AU - Alasmi A
AU - Mathey G
AU - Giannesini C
AU - Michel L
AU - Ciron J
AU - De Seze J
AU - Ruet A
AU - Kwiatkowski A
AU - Zephir H
AU - Papeix C
AU - Lebrunfrenay C
AU - Moreau T
AU - Berger E
AU - Clavelou P
AU - Pelletier J
AU - Casez O
AU - Bourre B
AU - Wahab A
AU - Magy L
AU - Camdessanche JP
AU - Doghri I
AU - Tchikviladze M
AU - Sellebjerg F
AU - Romme Christensen J
AU - Jensen HB
AU - Illes Z
AU - Bramow S
AU - Rasmussen PV
AU - Stilund ML
AU - Schafer J
AU - Kant M
AU - Weglewski A
AU - Vukusic S
AU - Magyari M
AU - Laplaud DA
AU - Kalincik T
TI - Comparative Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Registry Observational Cohort Study
JO - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry
VL -
IS -
SP -
EP -
PY - 2026
ER -

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