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Diversity of Geophilic Dermatophytes Species in the Soils of Iran; the Significant Preponderance of Nannizzia Fulva Publisher



Taghipour S1 ; Abastabar M2 ; Piri F3 ; Aboualigalehdari E4 ; Jabbari MR2 ; Zarrinfar H5 ; Nouripoursisakht S6 ; Mohammadi R7 ; Ahmadi B8 ; Ansari S9 ; Katiraee F10 ; Niknejad F11 ; Didehdar M12 ; Nazeri M13 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Taghipour S1
  2. Abastabar M2
  3. Piri F3
  4. Aboualigalehdari E4
  5. Jabbari MR2
  6. Zarrinfar H5
  7. Nouripoursisakht S6
  8. Mohammadi R7
  9. Ahmadi B8
  10. Ansari S9
  11. Katiraee F10
  12. Niknejad F11
  13. Didehdar M12
  14. Nazeri M13
  15. Makimura K14
  16. Rezaeimatehkolaei A3, 4

Source: Journal of Fungi Published:2021


Abstract

A molecular epidemiology study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 by a network of collaborators from 12 provinces in the Islamic Republic of Iran. A total of 1484 soil samples from different habitats were screened for the presence of dermatophytes by using the hair baiting technique. The primary identification of isolates was carried out by amplification and MvaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the internal transcribed spacers regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA). The identifications, especially in the cases of isolates with unknown RFLP patterns, were confirmed by sequencing of the ITS-rDNA region. As a result, 256 isolates were recovered. The isolation rate was higher in soils with pH range 7.1–8.0, collected from animal habitats (n = 78; 34%) and parks and gardens (n = 75; 32%), geographically from Mazandaran Province (n = 115; 49.5%) and seasonally in the spring (n = 129; 50.4%), all of which were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The dermatophytes comprising five species of the two genera, viz., Nannizzia fulva (n = 214), N. gypsea (n = 34), Arthroderma quadrifidum (n = 5), A. gertleri (n = 2) and A. tuberculatum (n = 1), were isolated. The geophilic dermatophytes occurred in various soils from different parts of Iran; however, surprisingly, N. fulva emerged as the dominant species, outnumbering the common geophilic species of N. gypsea. For the definitive identification of soil inhabitant dermatophytes, DNA-based identification is strongly recommended. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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