Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension Among Hypertensive Older Adults in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging Publisher



Kazemian S ; Tabatabaei FS ; Azimi A ; Akbarzade I ; Hooshmand E
Source: Health Science Reports Published:2025

Abstract

Background and Aims: Hypertension is a major global health concern, particularly among older adults; however, comprehensive data on hypertension management in this population remain limited in Iran. This study aims to investigate factors associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in adults aged 50 and older in Ardakan City, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2020 Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging, a subset of the Iranian Longitudinal Study on Aging. A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 2333 hypertensive participants aged 50 years or older from the general population. Data were collected through validated questionnaires, medical interviews, and standardized blood pressure measurements. Prevalence estimates of hypertension awareness, treatment, control through lifestyle modifications, and control among treated individuals were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify independent predictive factors while adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results: Participants (mean age: 62.8 ± 7.6 years; 48.7% women) demonstrated varying prevalence estimates for hypertension management: 84% were aware, 81% were treated with anti-hypertensive medication, and 60% achieved blood pressure control. Women exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension management than men, including awareness (52.8% vs. 47.2%, p < 0.001), treatment (52.2% vs. 47.8%, p < 0.001), control through lifestyle modifications (57.0% vs. 43.0%, p < 0.001), and control among treated (56.5% vs. 42.1%, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified poor physical condition and depressive symptoms as independent predictors of higher hypertension awareness. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve hypertension management among adults aged 50 years or older, as only slightly over half of treated individuals achieve the blood pressure control goal. Addressing both physical and mental health aspects is critical for enhancing hypertension outcomes in this population. © 2025 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.