Mental Health Preparedness and Response to Epidemics Focusing on Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Iran Publisher Pubmed



Akbari K^{1, 2} ; Zareiyan A³ ; Yari A^{4, 5} ; Najafi M⁶ ; Azizi M⁷ ; Ostadtaghizadeh A¹
Source: BMC Public Health Published:2024

Abstract

Background: During epidemics, the number of individuals whose mental health is affected is greater than those affected by the infection itself. This is because psychological factors have a direct relationship with the primary causes of the disease and mortality worldwide. Therefore, an increasing investment in research and strategic actions for mental health is essential globally, given the prevalence of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate and describe the strategies for mental health preparedness and response during epidemics, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Iran from 2022 to 2023. Purposeful Sampling was employed, continuing until data saturation was achieved. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and observational notes with 20 managers and experts possessing expertise, experience, and knowledge in mental health. Ultimately, the participants' opinions, based on their experiences, were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method with a conventional approach, resulting in the categorization of data into codes, subcategories, and categories. Results: The study revealed participants' opinions and experiences, categorized into two overarching categories: Preparedness, Policy-Making, and Planning Strategies (with four subcategories), and Response Strategies (comprising thirteen subcategories). Conclusion: The opinions and experiences of managers and experts in this study revealed that an appropriate mental health response during pandemics requires preparedness before the occurrence of such crises and the implementation of suitable response strategies after the occurrence. Managers, policymakers, and decision-makers in this field should pay attention to the solutions derived from the experiences of such crises to respond more preparedly in the future. © The Author(s) 2024.