Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran

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Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran Publisher Pubmed

Mosaferi M¹ ; Jahani Moghaddam H² ; Shaker Khatibi M² ; Esmat Saatloo SM³ ; Nemati Mansour S² ; Nazmara S⁴

Source: International Journal of Environmental Health Research Published:2020

Abstract

Boron is a ubiquitous element and exposure to high concentrations of boron in drinking water may lead to health outcomes. This study aimed to analyze boron in rural drinking water resources located at the west of Urmia Lake. An innovative risk matrix was developed for faster assessment of risk status and adaptation of mitigation approaches. The mean boron concentration in 121 drinking water sources from 301 villages obtained 1477 ± 1683 μg/L. In the west of Urmia lake and northwestern parts of the lake (east of Salmas city), boron concentrations were up to twice the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Using regional screening levels calculator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US.EPA), as a deterministic risk assessment model, the total risks/Non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI) risks from exposure to 13,000 and 2600 μg/L of boron obtained 1.94E+00 and 3.91E−01, respectively. More investigations are recommended for better understanding of the extent of contamination in the study area. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Mosaferi M, et al.. "Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran." International Journal of Environmental Health Research, vol. 30, no. 3, 2020, pp. 237-250.
APA	Mosaferi M, Jahani Moghaddam H, Shaker Khatibi M, Esmat Saatloo SM, Nemati Mansour S, Nazmara S (2020). Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 30(3), 237-250.
Chicago	Mosaferi M, Jahani Moghaddam H, Shaker Khatibi M, Esmat Saatloo SM, Nemati Mansour S, Nazmara S. "Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran." International Journal of Environmental Health Research 30, no. 3 (2020): 237-250.
Harvard	Mosaferi M et al. (2020) 'Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran', International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 30(3), pp. 237-250.
Vancouver	Mosaferi M, Jahani Moghaddam H, Shaker Khatibi M, Esmat Saatloo SM, Nemati Mansour S, Nazmara S. Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran. International Journal of Environmental Health Research. 2020;30(3):237-250.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Mosaferi M and Jahani Moghaddam H and Shaker Khatibi M and Esmat Saatloo SM and Nemati Mansour S and Nazmara S}, title = {Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Health Research}, volume = {30}, number = {3}, pages = {237-250}, year = {2020} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Mosaferi M AU - Jahani Moghaddam H AU - Shaker Khatibi M AU - Esmat Saatloo SM AU - Nemati Mansour S AU - Nazmara S TI - Spatial Variation and Quantitative Screening Level Assessment of Human Risk From Boron Exposure in Groundwater Resources of Western Edge of the Lake Urmia, Iran JO - International Journal of Environmental Health Research VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 237 EP - 250 PY - 2020 ER -

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