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The Prevalence, Comorbidity and Socio-Demographic Factors of Depressive Disorder Among Iranian Children and Adolescents: To Identify the Main Predictors of Depression Publisher Pubmed



Mohammadi MR1 ; Alavi SS1 ; Ahmadi N2 ; Khaleghi A1 ; Kamali K3 ; Ahmadi A1 ; Hooshyari Z1 ; Mohamadian F4 ; Jaberghaderi N5 ; Nazaribadie M6 ; Sajedi Z7 ; Farshidfar Z8 ; Kaviani N9 ; Davasazirani R10 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Mohammadi MR1
  2. Alavi SS1
  3. Ahmadi N2
  4. Khaleghi A1
  5. Kamali K3
  6. Ahmadi A1
  7. Hooshyari Z1
  8. Mohamadian F4
  9. Jaberghaderi N5
  10. Nazaribadie M6
  11. Sajedi Z7
  12. Farshidfar Z8
  13. Kaviani N9
  14. Davasazirani R10
  15. Shahbakhsh AJ11
  16. Rad MR12
  17. Shahbazi K13
  18. Khodaverdloo RR14
  19. Tehrani LN15
  20. Nasiri M16
  21. Naderi F17
  22. Kiani A18
  23. Chegeni M19
  24. Hashemi Nasab SM20
  25. Ghaneian M21
  26. Parsamehr H22
  27. Nilforoushan N23
  28. Amiri S24
  29. Fooladi MF25
  30. Mohammadzadeh S26
  31. Ahmadipour A27
  32. Sarraf N28
  33. Hojjat SK29
  34. Nadermohammadi M30
  35. Mostafavi SA1
  36. Zarafshan H1
  37. Salmanian M1
  38. Shakiba A1
  39. Ashoori S31

Source: Journal of Affective Disorders Published:2019


Abstract

Background: Depressive disorders are a major public health problem in developed and developing countries. Recently, several risk factors have been described for depressive disorders in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to identify the main risk factors that can affect the incidence of depression in Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 30,546 children and adolescents (between 6 and 18 years of age) participated in a cross-sectional study to identify the predictors of depressive disorders. Depressive disorders were assessed using the Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL). In addition, a demographic characteristics questionnaire was completed by parents of the participants. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 22 software via performing the descriptive analysis and the multiple logistic regression analysis methods. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Results showed that a higher age (15–18), being female, and the father's unemployment were associated with an increased odds ratio for depressive disorders. The age of 10–14 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.57–2.81), the age of 15–18 (OR = 4.44; 95% CI, 3.38–5.83), female gender (OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.2–1.73) and the father's unemployment (OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01–2.5) were significant positive predictors, whereas, the mother's job (as a housewife) (OR = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.96) and a history of psychiatric hospitalization of the father and mother (OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15–0.78 and OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14–0.84) were negative predictors for depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are common in children and adolescents and are correlated with age and gender. The assessment of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, especially the depressive disorders and their comorbidities, may help to prevent mood disorders in children and adolescents. © 2019
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