Association of Blood Glucose Variability With Microvascular and Macrovascular Complications of Diabetes: A Review Study; [مروری بررسیارتباط نوسانات قند خون با عوارض م یکروواسکوالر و ماکروواسکوالر دیابت: ی کمطالعە] Publisher



Mohseni S ; Mohajeritehrani M ; Sani MP
Source: Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism Published:2026

Abstract

Blood glucose variability, defined as variations in blood glucose levels over time, is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in the pathology of diabetes complications. While chronic hyperglycemia has been linked to microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease), emerging evidence suggests that glucose variability is an independent risk factor for these conditions. This review examined the relationship between blood glucose variability and the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes, highlighting the underlying mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic approaches. Copyright © 2026 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism and Tehran University of Medical Sciences.