A Systematic Review on Membrane Technology for Carwash Wastewater Treatment: Efficiency and Limitations Publisher



Torkashvand J¹ ; Farzadkia M¹ ; Younesi S² ; Gholami M¹
Source: Desalination and Water Treatment Published:2021

Abstract

Car cleaning in carwash centers is one of the most important parts of water use. Carwash waste-waters (CW) contain significant quantities of contaminants such as oil and grease, surfactants, solids, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Various treatment technologies like membrane processes have been utilized for the treatment of CW; it should be noted that all these methods have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, in this study, a systematic review of the benefits and limitations of the application of membrane technology for CW treatment was carried out. To this end, first, keywords were identified, and a search protocol was defined. Then, search in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science was explored to find related articles in June 2019. The results showed that ultrafilter is the most used membrane type for CW treatment; furthermore, the efficiency of membrane processes in the reduction of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand in most studies was reported to be more than 90% and 70%, respectively. However, the rapid and severe flux reduction and pH changes in permeate are the significant limitations of membrane technology for CW treatment. The use of the pretreatment processes for fouling mitigation can be useful in CW treatment through the membrane processes. © 2021 Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.