Evaluation of Specific Antibody Responses in Patients With Selective Iga Deficiency and Ataxia Telangiectasia Publisher Pubmed



Khanmohammadi S^{1, 2} ; Shad TM^{1, 2} ; Delavari S^{1, 2} ; Shirmast P¹ ; Bagheri Y³ ; Azizi G⁴ ; Aghamohammadi A¹ ; Abolhassani H^{1, 5} ; Yazdani R^{1, 6} ; Rezaei N^{1, 6}
Source: Endocrine# Metabolic and Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Published:2022

Abstract

Background: Specific Antibody Deficiency (SAD) is a primary immunodefi-ciency disease (PID) characterized by the occurrence of recurrent infections and inadequate antibody response to polysaccharide new antigens. Objective: This study aims to determine the titer of specific antibodies against unconju-gated 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV-23), the presence of SAD, and its association with clinical and laboratory findings in Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) and selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) patients. Methods: 32 A-T patients and 43 SIgAD patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Samples of the patients were obtained before and three weeks after vaccination with PPSV-23. Specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed towards pneumococcal capsular antigen and specific antibodies against whole pneumococcal antigens was measured. Results: Comparison of the response to vaccination revealed that 81.3% of A-T patients and 18.6% of the SIgAD patients had an inadequate response to PPSV-23 (p<0.001). The prevalence of recurrent infection (p=0.034) and pneumonia (p=0.003) in SIgAD patients was significantly higher in non-responders than responders. Likewise, the number of marginal zone B cells (p=0.037), transitional B cells (p=0.019), plasmablasts (p=0.019), CD8+ naive T cells (p=0.036), and percentage of CD8+ T cells (p=0.047), switched memory B cells (SMB) (p=0.026) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) memory B cells (p=0.022) in SIgAD patients were significantly lower in non-responder group than responder group. In con-trast, the percentage of CD4 T+ cells in A-T patients was lower in the non-responder group than responders (p=0.035). Conclusion: SAD is more frequent in A-T patients than SIgAD patients. The role of SMB and T cells should not be underestimated in SAD. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.