Regulatory T Lymphocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Play a Role in Chronic Kidney Diseases and Kidney Transplantation: A Review Publisher

Summary: Could immune-cell vesicles aid kidney transplants? A review examines T-cell vesicles as biomarkers or therapies; clinical benefit remains unproven. #KidneyResearch #Immunology

Hajiasghar Sharbaf R ; Atashbasteh E ; Fouladseresht H ; Eskandari N
Source: Cell Journal Published:2026

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly affects kidney function, often leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Due to its high rates of morbidity, mortality, and economic effects, CKD is becoming the ninth most important risk factor for mortality worldwide, presenting serious healthcare issues. Regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) play a role in regulation, particularly in transplant tolerance and autoimmune conditions. Recent research has highlighted the potential of Treg-derived vehicles (EVs) to modulate responses and promote graft tolerance during kidney transplantation. These EVs can suppress effector T lymphocytes (T effect), trigger apoptosis, and modify cytokine production to maintain balance and prevent graft rejection. Moreover, Treg-EVs have emerged as potential biomarkers for diagnosing CKD, paving the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study explores how Treg-derived EVs influence processes underlying CKD and kidney transplantation, highlighting their significance as useful tools. © 2026, Royan Institute (ACECR). All rights reserved.