Comparison of Mechanical Properties, Surface Roughness, and Color Stability of 3D-Printed and Conventional Heat-Polymerizing Denture Base Materials Publisher Pubmed



Falahchai M¹ ; Ghavamilahiji M^{1, 2} ; Rasaie V³ ; Amin M^{1, 2, 4} ; Neshandar Asli H^{1, 2}
Source: Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Published:2023

Abstract

Statement of problem: Studies on the mechanical, optical, and surface properties of 3-dimensionally (3D) printed denture base materials are scarce, and those available have reported conflicting results. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the mechanical properties, surface roughness, and color stability of 3D-printed and conventional heat-polymerizing denture base materials. Material and methods: A total of 34 rectangular specimens (64×10×3.3 mm) were fabricated from each of the conventional (SR Triplex Hot; Ivoclar AG) and 3D-printed (Denta base; Asiga) denture base materials. All specimens underwent coffee thermocycling for 5000 cycles, and half in each group (n=17) were evaluated in terms of color parameters, color change (ΔE00), and surface roughness (Ra) before and after coffee thermocycling. The specimens then underwent a 3-point bend test. The remaining specimens in each group (n=17) underwent impact strength and Vickers hardness testing. Data were analyzed by the paired samples, independent samples, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests (α=.05). Results: The color change caused by coffee thermocycling in the 3D-printed group was higher than that in the conventional group (P<.001). Surface roughness significantly increased in both groups after coffee thermocycling (P<.001). The conventional group had higher surface roughness before coffee thermocycling, while the 3D-printed group had higher surface roughness after coffee thermocycling (P<.001). The flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface hardness in the conventional group were significantly higher than those in the 3D-printed group (P<.001). However, the impact strength of the conventional group was lower than that of the 3D-printed group (P<.001). Conclusions: The 3D-printed denture base material showed higher impact strength and surface roughness than the conventional heat-polymerizing acrylic resin. However, flexural strength and modulus, surface hardness, and color stability were lower in the 3D-printed group. © 2023