The Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Compared to Corticosteroids for Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears: A Randomized Controlled Trial Publisher



Guity MR ; Sahebi M ; Pourfarzaneh M ; Salkhori O ; Ghiasi M ; Bagheri N
Source: JSES International Published:2026

Abstract

Background: Management of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) remains debated, especially when conservative treatments fail. Corticosteroid (CS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are frequently used, but their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This study compares PRP and CS injections in improving shoulder range of motion, pain, and patient-reported outcomes in an Iranian population. Methods: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted with PTRCT patients receiving ultrasound-guided PRP or CS injections. Assessments included shoulder range of motion, visual analog scale for pain, Simple Shoulder Test, Constant–Murley Score, and Oxford Shoulder Score at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months postinjection. Results: Out of 208 patients screened, 107 were analyzed (39 PRP, 68 CS). Baseline measures were similar except for external rotation, which was higher in the PRP group (P < .05). The CS group showed significantly lower visual analog scale scores at 3 and 6 months (P < .001). No significant differences were found in forward flexion, abduction, or internal rotation (P > .05). External rotation remained greater in the PRP group throughout (P < .001). Simple Shoulder Test and Constant–Murley Scores were significantly higher, and Oxford Shoulder Score significantly lower, in the CS group at both follow-ups (P < .001). Both groups showed significant improvement from baseline, except for internal rotation in the PRP group at 6 months (P = .248). Conclusion: Both injections improve clinical outcomes in PTRCT, but CS injections provide superior short- and medium-term pain relief and patient-reported outcomes. CS is preferable for patients prioritizing rapid pain reduction. Further long-term studies are needed to assess sustained effects and safety. © 2025 The Author(s)