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Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Female Sexual Dysfunction in Low-And Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review Publisher Pubmed



Koochakzai M1 ; Moghadam ZB2 ; Siahkal SF3 ; Arbabi H1 ; Ebrahimi E4
Authors

Source: Medicine (United States) Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Sexual function is a multidimensional phenomenon affected by many different physical, physiological, and mental factors. Sexual dysfunction (SD) can affect the different aspects of personal and familial health. Non-pharmacological interventions for SD management have received great attention in recent years, though SD is still mostly managed using pharmacological interventions. Methods: In this scoping review, we searched the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to find relevant studies published between January 2014 and February 2024. Results: Twenty articles were included in the review. Non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, sexual education and counseling based on theories and models, mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral sex therapy, phytotherapy and vaginal electrical stimulation, multimedia applications, and sexual health education programs can improve women's sexual function. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions and the heavy costs of pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological interventions can be used for SD management in low-and middle-income countries. © 2025 the Author(s).
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