Risk Factors of Age Vs Other Comorbidities in Severe Covid-19: An Umbrella Review Publisher



Seyedalinaghi S ; Mirzapour P ; Yarmohammadi S ; Afsahi AM ; Ahmadi S ; Roozbahani MM ; Haghi P ; Karimi E ; Mohammadi S ; Tabari A ; Molla A ; Mehraeen E
Source: Coronaviruses Published:2026

Abstract

Introduction: This umbrella review offers a comprehensive analysis of the association between age and other risk factors in the incidence and severity of COVID-19. Methods: This umbrella review aims to compare age with other risk factors of COVID-19 infection. Literature featuring systematic reviews and the English language in electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was considered for this purpose. Appropriate articles were selected following two separate steps, and after meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria, they went through data extraction. This umbrella review coheres with the PRISMA checklist and the AMSTAR-2 tool specified for quality assessment. Results: A total of 55 articles met the inclusion criteria. For risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity, the most relevant were age and underlying comorbidities, each identified in 45 cases. Obesity was noted in 12 cases, making it the least prevalent risk factor in the studies. Other factors included sex, smoking, and conditions during hospitalization. For clinical outcomes, in addition to issues such as discharge, ICU, death, etc., other issues such as renal and cardiovascular disorders were observed. Conclusion: The collective evidence presented in this review underscores various risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes, which can be used to update clinical management guidelines and assist in determining patients’ prognoses. 2025 Bentham Science Publishers