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The Yin and Yang of Toll-Like Receptors in Endothelial Dysfunction Publisher Pubmed



Deravi N1, 2 ; Poudineh M3, 4 ; Pirzadeh M5, 6 ; Yavarpourbali H5, 6 ; Mehrabi H7, 8 ; Erabi G9, 10 ; Saghazadeh A2, 11 ; Rezaei N11, 12, 13
Authors

Source: International Immunopharmacology Published:2022


Abstract

Endothelial cells (ECs) play a critical role in health and disease due to their widespread distribution and unique location. Although ECs are not regarded as classical immune cells, they actively participate in innate immune and inflammatory responses. EC function is affected by exogenous activators (i.e., infectious agents) and endogenous triggers (i.e., damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) released by stressed or injured cells). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can recognize both infectious agents and DAMPs and play a key role in activating innate mechanisms in ECs. Endothelial dysfunction (EDF) may lead to tissue damage in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases through TLRs. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of TLRs in a variety of EDF-related conditions, including autoimmunity and graft rejection, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and related complications, ischemia and related injuries, and sepsis. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
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