Rodenticide Comparative Effect of Klerat® and Zinc Phosphide for Controlling Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Central Iran



Veysi A¹ ; Vatandoost H^{1, 2} ; Yaghoobiershadi MR¹ ; Jafari R³ ; Arandian MH³ ; Hosseini M⁴ ; Fadaei R⁵ ; Ramazanpour J⁵ ; Heidari K⁵ ; Sadjadi A⁵ ; Shirzadi MR⁶ ; Akhavan AA^{1, 2}
Source: Iranian Journal of Parasitology Published:2016

Abstract

Background: Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a neglected disease with public health importance that is common in many rural areas of Iran. In recent years, behavioral resistance and/or bait shyness against the common rodenticide among reservoir hosts of ZCL have been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Klerat® and zinc phosphide against natural reservoir of ZCL. Methods: This survey was carried out in four villages located 45 to 95 km far from Esfahan City Esfahan province, central Iran from April to November 2011. The rodent burrows were counted destroyed and reopened holes baited around all villages. Effect of rodent control operation on the main vector density and incidence of ZCL were evaluated. Results: The reduction rate of rodent burrows after intervention calculated to be at 62.8% in Klerat® and 58.15% in zinc phosphide treated areas. Statistical analysis showed no difference between the densities of the vector in indoors and outdoors in intervention and control areas. The incidence of the disease between treated and control areas after intervention was statistically different (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Klerat® could be a suitable alternative for zinc phosphide in a specific condition such as behavior resistance or occurrence of bait shyness. © 2016, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). All rights reserved.