Awareness, Attitude, and Knowledge Regarding Periodontal Disease Among Pregnant Women in Kunduz, Afghanistan Publisher



Homayoun F ; Hamayoun MJ ; Hamrah S ; Hamayoun T ; Eshraqi AM ; Alipour F ; Hamrah MH
Source: Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry Published:2025

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy can make women more vulnerable to oral health problems due to hormonal fluctuations. Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the gums and supporting tissues, has been linked to serious complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Despite the established connection between oral and general health, especially during pregnancy, many women, particularly in developing countries like Afghanistan, are not adequately informed about these risks. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes regarding periodontal disease among pregnant women in Kunduz, Afghanistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Kunduz. Participants completed a structured questionnaire designed to assess their demographic characteristics and their understanding and perceptions of periodontal disease. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among the respondents, 63.0% were aged 22–34 years, and 39.0% were in their third trimester. Nearly half (49.5%) reported poor general health. Educational levels were low, with 64.0% being illiterate. Awareness of periodontal disease and its impact on pregnancy outcomes was generally poor, with only 40.5% agreeing that pregnancy increases gingival inflammation risk and 45.0% recognizing a link between dental health and pregnancy. Many participants held misconceptions, such as avoiding dental care during pregnancy due to safety concerns. Conclusion: There is a critical need for targeted oral health education during pregnancy in Kunduz. Incorporating oral health education into antenatal care services may help bridge the current knowledge gap and reduce the risk of preventable complications. © 2025 Homayoun et al.