Berberine-Induced Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Its Mechanism for Controlling Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Pathway Review Publisher



Arajkhodaei M¹ ; Ayati MH^{2, 3} ; Azizi Zeinalhajlou A⁴ ; Novinbahador T^{5, 6} ; Yousefi M⁷ ; Shiri M⁸ ; Mahmoodpoor A⁹ ; Shamekh A¹⁰ ; Namazi N^{3, 11} ; Sanaie S¹²
Source: Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry Published:2023

Abstract

Introduction: A growing number of studies have thus far showed the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the intestinal microbiome homoeostasis. As reported, the gut microflora can be significantly different in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) compared to those in healthy individuals. Methods: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2022 and these are carefully selected from three scientific databases based on keywords. Discussion: This review highlights research on the anti-diabetic properties of berberine (BBR)-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as a glucose-lowering factor and a balance regulator in the microbial flora of the intestines, which plays an important role in adjusting the signalling pathways affecting insulin secretion. Results: Considering the anti-diabetic characteristics of the BBR-induced GLP-1, BBR makes a promising complementary treatment for reducing the clinical symptoms of DM by reducing the hyperglycaemia. Berberin might be a safe and effective drug for T2DM with little or no adverse effects.Highlights Berberine induces GLP-1 insulin secretion by PLC2 pathway in the intestinal Berberine-induced GLP-1 decreases mitochondrial stress and relocates cytochrome c out of the mitochondria. Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion in the intestine by altering the bacterial profile, thus could possibly lighten diabetes symptoms Berberine-induced SCFA production, SCFA causes GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal L-Cell. Preventing mitochondrial damage, reducing adipose tissue fat, and reducing oxidative stress are thus among the results of BBR-induced GLP-1. The lower costs of BBR, and its limited side effects and higher availability, make it a promising supplementary medicine for DM. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.