The Potential Role of Serum Procalcitonin and Coronary Angiographic Findings in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Evaluated by the Syntax Score



Abbasi A¹ ; Vahabi P¹ ; Tabatabaei SA¹ ; Shahrzad S¹ ; Mostafavi A¹ ; Nikdoust F¹
Source: Iranian Heart Journal Published:2023

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is crucial to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and adverse cardiac events. We aimed to investigate serum procalcitonin levels and SYNTAX scores in subgroups of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited patients admitted for ACSs and categorized them into 3 groups: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina. Serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were measured. The study population underwent percutaneous coronary intervention; then, SYNTAX scores were analyzed. Results: The STEMI (64.86%) and NSTEMI (46.86%) groups were more likely to have positive procalcitonin than the unstable angina group (11.11%) (P =0.002). The mean procalcitonin level was significantly higher in the STEMI group (0.95 ± 0.47) than in the NSTEMI (0.62 ± 0.30) and unstable angina (0.05 ± 0.30) groups (P =0.001). SYNTAX scores were statistically significant in the 3 groups (P =0.004). Multivariate regression analysis indicated significant relationships between procalcitonin levels and ACS subgroups (β =-0.28, P =0.001), triple-vessel disease (β =0.07, P = 0.010), all-cause in-hospital mortality (β = 0.68, P =0.003), and the SYNTAX score (β = 0.72, P =0.004). Conclusions: Serum procalcitonin may be associated with coronary artery disease severity measured with the SYNTAX score. Future studies should evaluate the prognostic accuracy of procalcitonin levels in patients with ACSs. © 2023, Iranian Heart Association. All rights reserved.