Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient With Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Report of a Case and Literature Review Publisher

Summary: Can MDS lead to oral cancer? A study found a case of OSCC in a young MDS patient. Regular oral exams might be crucial for early detection. #MDS #OSCC

Omidsalar P ; Moradzadeh Khiavi M ; Sheykhbahaei N
Source: Frontiers in Dentistry Published:2025

Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a bone marrow clonal stem cell disorder characterized by the inability of immature blood cells to mature. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been previously reported in MDS patients without underlying diseases. We present a case of poorly differentiated OSCC in a 27-year-old patient with MDS. A literature review revealed 11 case reports about solid tumors in different organs of MDS patients. Among these, 5 articles reported head and neck carcinoma but none of them reported oral cancer in MDS patients. MDS predisposes patients to hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic malignancies. The oral cavity is one of the critical sites that needs to be examined periodically and regularly in MDS patients to detect OSCC in its early stages. Copyright © 2025 The Authors.