Catalytic Application of Green-Synthesized Zno Nanoparticles in the Synthesis of 1H-Pyrazolo[1,2-A]Pyridazine-5,8-Diones and Evaluation of Their Anti-Cancer Properties Publisher



Majedi S¹ ; Hussain FHS¹ ; Barzinjy AA² ; Tehrani MH³ ; Hawaiz FE⁴
Source: New Journal of Chemistry Published:2023

Abstract

In this study, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) produced utilizing Dill (Anethum graveolens) leaf extract and as a very efficient nanocatalyst, have been used for the green preparation of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8-diones under solvent-free conditions and 70 °C through a one-pot three-component condensation reaction of benzaldehyde derivatives, malononitrile, and maleic hydrazide. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles from Dill (Anethum graveolens) leaf extract is an easy, one-pot, inexpensive, and green process. Various characterization techniques have been utilized to inspect the structure, size, morphology, chemical composition, and optical properties of the ZnO NPs. Dill (Anethum graveolens) leaf extract is a suitable environment for producing nanosize ∼27 nm, spherical, monodisperse, wide band gap ∼3.56 eV, highly crystalline, and 1 : 1 Zn to O ratio ZnO NPs. Also, the presented protocols in this investigation have revealed several advantages such as a simple work-up procedure, good to excellent yields, short reaction times, use of a small amount of catalyst, and easy recovery of the reusable catalyst. Some products were produced and reported for the first time (entries 9-14). All products, including the newly reported ones in the present research work, were analyzed for their anti-cancer properties and the results were very promising. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry