Montanide Isa-720 and Naloxone in Hbsag Vaccine Formulation: Cytokine Profiling and Monitoring of Long-Lasting Humoral Immune Responses Publisher Pubmed



Mirzaee M¹ ; Haghighat S¹ ; Golkaran B¹ ; Asgarhalvaei F¹ ; Mirzaee R² ; Taghizadeh M³ ; Savoji MA¹ ; Esfandiari B⁴ ; Mahdavi M⁶
Source: Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES Published:2022

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Montanide ISA-720 and Naloxone (NLX) in Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccine formulation on cytokine and long-lasting antibody responses. Methods: First, the HBsAg was formulated in Montanide ISA-720 adjuvant and Naloxone at 5 and 10 mg/kg. The experimental mice were immunized three times at a 2-week interval, and then IL-4, IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ cytokines; long-lasting IgG antibody responses 220 days after the last shot; and IgG1/IgG2a isotypes were assessed by ELISA. Results: The HBsAg-Alum group exhibited the highest IL-4 cytokine response among the experimental groups, whereas NLX in HBsAg-MON720 vaccine formulation did not affect cytokine responses. In addition, NLX in Alum-based vaccine suppressed IL-4 cytokine response and increased the IL-2/IL-4 cytokine ratio. Moreover, HBsAg-MON720 was more potent than HBsAg-Alum in the induction of antibody responses, and NLX in Alum- and MON720-based vaccines induced long-lasting antibody responses. Conclusion: NLX in Alum-based vaccine decreased IL-4 cytokine response, increased IL-2/IL-4 cytokine ratio, and improved long-lasting humoral immune responses in both vaccine formulations. Therefore, the adjuvant activity of NLX in the vaccine formulation depends on the type of adjuvant and the nature of the antigen in the vaccine formulation. Copyright © 2022 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by China CDC. All rights reserved.